Kutengera chitsanzo cha magalasi oyandama, zida zazikulu zitatu zotenthetsera pakupanga magalasi ndi monga ng'anjo yosungunula magalasi oyandama, bafa la malata oyandama ndi ng'anjo yoyatsira magalasi. Popanga magalasi, ng'anjo yosungunuka yamagalasi imakhala ndi udindo wosungunula zida zam'madzi mumadzimadzi agalasi ndikuwunikira, homogenizing ndi kuziziziritsa ku kutentha kofunikira pakuumba. Kusamba kwa malata ndiye chida chofunikira kwambiri pakuumba magalasi. Madzi agalasi okhala ndi kutentha kwa 1050 ~ 1100 ℃ amayenda kuchokera panjira kupita kumadzimadzi a malata mu bafa ya malata. Madzi agalasi amaphwanyidwa ndi kupukutidwa pamwamba pa bafa ya malata, ndipo amayendetsedwa ndi kukoka makina, alonda am'mbali ndi makina ojambulira mbali kuti apange riboni yagalasi ya m'lifupi ndi makulidwe ofunikira. Ndipo imasiya kusamba kwa malata pamene imazizira pang'onopang'ono mpaka 600 ℃ panthawi yopita patsogolo. Ntchito ya ng'anjo ya annealing ndikuchotsa kupsinjika kotsalira ndi kuwala kwa kuwala kwa galasi loyandama, ndikukhazikitsa mkati mwa galasi. Riboni yagalasi yosalekeza yokhala ndi kutentha pafupifupi 600 ℃ chifukwa cha bafa ya malata imalowa mu ng'anjo yamoto kudzera pa tebulo losinthira. Zida zitatu zazikuluzikulu zotenthetserazi zimafuna zida zokanira. Kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yabwino komanso yokhazikika ya ng'anjo yosungunuka ya galasi, imakhala yosasiyanitsidwa ndi chithandizo cha zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zotsutsa. Zotsatirazi ndi mitundu 9 ya zida zodzitchinjiriza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ng'anjo zosungunula magalasi ndi mawonekedwe ake:
Njerwa za silika zowotchera magalasi:
Zosakaniza zazikulu: silicon dioxide (SiO2), zomwe zili zofunika kukhala pamwamba pa 94%. Kutentha kwa ntchito: kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri ndi 1600 ~ 1650 ℃. Features: zabwino kukana kukokoloka acidic slag, koma osauka kukana ndi zamchere zouluka zinthu kukokoloka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pomanga zipilala zazikulu, makoma am'mawere ndi ng'anjo zazing'ono.
Njerwa za Fire Clay zowotchera magalasi:
Zosakaniza zazikulu: Al2O3 ndi SiO2, Al2O3 zili pakati pa 30% ~ 45%, SiO2 ili pakati pa 51% ~ 66%. Kutentha kwa ntchito: kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri ndi 1350 ~ 1500 ℃. Mbali: Ndi ofooka acidic refractory zakuthupi ndi refractoriness wabwino, bata matenthedwe ndi otsika matenthedwe madutsidwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga pansi pa dziwe la ng'anjo, khoma la dziwe la gawo logwirira ntchito ndi ndimeyi, khoma, chipilala, njerwa zotsika pansi ndi chitoliro cha chipinda chosungiramo kutentha.
Njerwa zapamwamba za alumina zowotchera magalasi:
Zigawo zazikulu: SiO2 ndi Al2O3, koma zomwe zili mu Al2O3 ziyenera kukhala zazikulu kuposa 46%. Kutentha kwa ntchito: Kutentha kwakukulu kwa ntchito ndi 1500 ~ 1650 ℃. Mawonekedwe: Kukana bwino kwa dzimbiri, ndipo kumatha kukana dzimbiri kuchokera ku ma slags a acidic ndi amchere. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'zipinda zosungiramo kutentha, komanso zowonjezera zowonjezera zopangira madzi ogwirira ntchito, njira zakuthupi ndi zodyetsa.
Njerwa za Mullite:
Chigawo chachikulu cha njerwa za mullite ndi Al2O3, ndipo zili pafupi ndi 75%. Chifukwa makamaka ndi makhiristo a mullite, amatchedwa njerwa za mullite. Kachulukidwe 2.7-3 2g/cm3, lotseguka porosity 1% -12%, ndi pazipita ntchito kutentha ndi 1500 ~ 1700 ℃. Sintered mullite imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pomanga makoma a chipinda chosungiramo kutentha. Fused mullite imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pomanga makoma a dziwe, mabowo owonera, makoma a khoma, ndi zina zambiri.
Njerwa zophatikizika za zirconium corundum:
Njerwa zosakanikirana za zirconium corundum zimatchedwanso njerwa zachitsulo zoyera. Nthawi zambiri, njerwa zosakanikirana za zirconium corundum zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu malinga ndi zomwe zili zirconium: 33%, 36%, ndi 41%. Njerwa za zirconium corundum zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani agalasi zili ndi 50% ~ 70% Al2O3 ndi 20% ~ 40% ZrO2. Kachulukidwe ndi 3.4 ~ 4.0g/cm3, porosity zikuoneka ndi 1% ~ 10%, ndipo pazipita ntchito kutentha ndi za 1700 ℃. Njerwa zophatikizika za zirconium corundum zokhala ndi zirconium 33% ndi 36% zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga makoma a dziwe lamoto, makoma a dziwe lamoto, mabowo ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono, ng'anjo yaing'ono yang'anjo, ng'anjo yaying'ono, lilime laling'ono, ndi zina zambiri. mabowo, ndi mbali zina zomwe madzi agalasi amakokoloka ndi kuwononga zida zomangira mwamphamvu kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ndi yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yosakanikirana yosakanikirana ndi zinthu zopangira magalasi.
Njerwa zophatikizika za aluminiyamu:
Makamaka amatanthauza kusakaniza α, β corundum, ndi β corundum refractory njerwa, zomwe makamaka zimapangidwa ndi 92% ~ 94% Al2O3 corundum crystal phase, kachulukidwe 2.9 ~ 3.05g/cm3, porosity yowonekera 1% ~ 10% kutentha kwa pafupifupi 170% Aluminium yophatikizika imakana kwambiri kutsekemera kwagalasi ndipo pafupifupi palibe kuipitsidwa ndi madzi agalasi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakhoma la dziwe logwira ntchito, pansi pa dziwe, mayendedwe otaya, khoma la dziwe lachitsulo, dziwe lachitsulo pansi ndi mbali zina za ng'anjo yosungunuka yamagalasi zomwe zimalumikizana ndi madzi agalasi ndipo sizifuna kuipitsidwa.
Njerwa za Quartz:
Chigawo chachikulu ndi SiO2, yomwe ili ndi zoposa 99%, ndi kachulukidwe ka 1.9 ~ 2g/cm3, refractoriness ya 1650 ℃, kutentha kwa ntchito pafupifupi 1600 ℃, ndi kukana kukokoloka kwa asidi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga khoma la dziwe la magalasi a acidic boron, njerwa zamoto wamoto thermocouple hole, etc.
Zida zopangira zamchere:
Zida zokanira zamchere makamaka zimatchula njerwa za magnesia, njerwa za alumina-magnesia, njerwa za magnesia-chrome, ndi njerwa za forsterite. Ntchito yake ndi kukana kukokoloka kwa zinthu zamchere, ndipo refractoriness ake ndi 1900 ~ 2000 ℃. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakhoma lakumtunda la regenerator ya ng'anjo yosungunuka ya galasi, arch regenerator, grid body, ndi kanyumba kakang'ono ka ng'anjo.
Njerwa zosungunula zopangira ng'anjo zamagalasi:
Malo otenthetsera kutentha kwa ng'anjo yosungunuka yamagalasi ndi yayikulu ndipo mphamvu yamafuta ndiyotsika. Pofuna kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito, zipangizo zambiri zotsekemera zimafunika kuti zikhale zotsekemera. Makamaka, khoma la dziwe, pansi pa dziwe, chipilala, ndi khoma mu regenerator, gawo losungunuka, gawo logwira ntchito, ndi zina zotero ziyenera kukhala zotsekedwa kuti zichepetse kutentha. Kuchuluka kwa njerwa yotchinga ndi yayikulu kwambiri, kulemera kwake ndi kopepuka kwambiri, ndipo kachulukidwe kake sikudutsa 1.3g/cm3. Popeza kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala kosauka kwambiri, njerwa yotchinga yokhala ndi porosity yayikulu imakhala ndi insulating effect. Matenthedwe ake ma conductivity coefficient ndi 2 ~ 3 kutsika kuposa zida wamba refractory, kotero kukula porosity, ndi bwino kutchinjiriza zotsatira. Pali mitundu yambiri ya njerwa zotsekera, kuphatikiza njerwa zomangira dongo, njerwa zotsekereza silika, njerwa zazitali za aluminiyamu ndi zina zotero.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-25-2025
