Zopangidwa kuchokera ku mchenga wa kaolin ndi quartz kudzera mu kutentha kwambiri, njerwa zosagwira asidi zimaonekera ngati "chida chosagwira dzimbiri" pazochitika zamafakitale ndi zapadera, chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kolimba, kuchuluka kochepa kwa madzi, komanso kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwa mankhwala. Ntchito zawo zimakhudza magawo ambiri ofunikira.
Mu gawo la mafakitale, amagwira ntchito ngati chotchinga chofunikira kwambiri. Mu makampani opanga mankhwala, popanga ndi kusunga ma asidi amphamvu monga sulfuric acid ndi hydrochloric acid, njerwa zosagwira asidi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi, m'zipinda zosungiramo zinthu, ndi m'matanki osungiramo zinthu. Zitha kukana mwachindunji kukokoloka kwa asidi wamphamvu, kupewa kuwonongeka kwa zida, kukulitsa nthawi yogwira ntchito, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo ndi yotetezeka. Mu malo ochitira zitsulo, zinthu zosungiramo asidi zimapangidwa panthawi yokonza zitsulo ndi ma electrolysis; njerwa zosagwira asidi zimatha kuteteza nyumba ku dzimbiri ndikusunga malo abwino ogwirira ntchito m'malo ogwirira ntchito. Pa madzi otayira acid omwe amapangidwa ndi makina otayira sulfuric m'malo opangira magetsi, maiwe oyeretsera madzi otayira ndi nsanja zotayira sulfuric zokhala ndi njerwa zosagwira asidi zimafunikanso kuti zichotse dzimbiri ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zikugwira ntchito bwino.
Pankhani zoteteza chilengedwe, njerwa zosagwira asidi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poteteza chilengedwe. Pamene malo oyeretsera zinyalala akugwira ntchito ndi madzi otayira a acid m'mafakitale, njerwa zosagwira asidi zomwe zimayikidwa m'madzi otayira a regulatory ndi m'madzi oyeretsera zimatha kupirira kumiza madzi otayira kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kukokoloka kwa mankhwala, kuonetsetsa kuti nyumbazo zili bwino komanso sizikhudza momwe madzi otayira amagwirira ntchito. Kutuluka kwa madzi otayira kuchokera ku malo oyeretsera zinyalala kumakhala ndi zinthu za acid; njerwa zosagwira asidi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi osonkhanitsira zinyalala ndi malo oyeretsera zinyalala zimatha kuteteza madzi otayira kuti asawononge nyumba ndikupewa kuipitsidwa kwa nthaka ndi madzi.
Ndiwofunikanso kwambiri pa ntchito yomanga ndi malo apadera. M'madera omwe ali ndi zofunikira pakukana asidi, monga ma laboratories ndi maofesi a mafakitale a mankhwala, njerwa zosagwira asidi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zipangizo zapansi, kuphatikiza kukana kupanikizika, kukana kuwonongeka, ndi zinthu zokongoletsera. Pa malo apansi ndi makoma a malo ogwirira ntchito m'mafakitale azakudya, mafakitale a zakumwa, ndi mafakitale opanga mankhwala, njerwa zosagwira asidi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha malo awo osalala komanso osavuta kuyeretsa; zimathanso kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kukwaniritsa miyezo yokhwima yaukhondo.
Kusankha njerwa zabwino kwambiri zosagwira asidi kungapereke chitetezo chodalirika pazochitika zosiyanasiyana. Ngati mukufuna kukana dzimbiri m'mafakitale, kuteteza chilengedwe, kapena kumanga kwapadera, chonde musazengereze kulankhulana nafe. Tidzakupatsani mayankho okonzedwa bwino kuti tithetse mavuto a dzimbiri moyenera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-24-2025
