Zofunikira zonse pa zipangizo zotsutsa za uvuni wamagetsi ndi izi:
(1) Kukana kwa zinthu kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu. Kutentha kwa arc kupitirira 4000°C, ndipo kutentha kwa kupanga zitsulo ndi 1500~1750°C, nthawi zina kufika pa 2000°C, kotero zipangizo zokana zinthu zimafunika kuti zikhale ndi kukana kwakukulu.
(2) Kutentha kofewa komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyenera kukhala kokwera kwambiri. Ng'anjo yamagetsi imagwira ntchito kutentha kwambiri, ndipo thupi la ng'anjo liyenera kupirira kuwonongeka kwa chitsulo chosungunuka, kotero zinthu zotsalira zimafunika kuti zikhale ndi kutentha kofewa kwambiri.
(3) Mphamvu yokakamiza iyenera kukhala yokwera. Chipinda cha ng'anjo yamagetsi chimakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu ya mphamvu yolipirira pamene ikuchajidwa, mphamvu yosasunthika ya chitsulo chosungunuka panthawi yosungunula, kuwonongeka kwa kuyenda kwa chitsulo panthawi yogwira ntchito, komanso kugwedezeka kwa makina panthawi yogwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zotsutsana ndizofunikira kuti zikhale ndi mphamvu yokakamiza kwambiri.
(4) Mphamvu ya kutentha iyenera kukhala yochepa. Pofuna kuchepetsa kutaya kwa kutentha kwa ng'anjo yamagetsi ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, zinthu zotsutsana nazo zimafunika kuti zikhale ndi mphamvu yotsika ya kutentha, kutanthauza kuti mphamvu ya kutentha iyenera kukhala yochepa.
(5) Kukhazikika kwa kutentha kuyenera kukhala bwino. Mkati mwa mphindi zochepa kuchokera pakugwira ntchito mpaka kuyitanitsa zitsulo mu uvuni wamagetsi, kutentha kumatsika kwambiri kuyambira pafupifupi 1600°C mpaka pansi pa 900°C, kotero zinthu zotsalira zimafunika kuti kutentha kukhale kokhazikika.
(6) Kukana dzimbiri mwamphamvu. Pakupanga zitsulo, slag, gasi wa uvuni ndi chitsulo chosungunuka zonse zimakhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu ya mankhwala pa zinthu zokana, kotero zinthu zokana zimafunika kuti zikhale ndi mphamvu yabwino yokana dzimbiri.
Kusankha zinthu zopingasa makoma am'mbali
Njerwa za MgO-C nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makoma am'mbali mwa uvuni zamagetsi popanda makoma ozizira ndi madzi. Malo otentha ndi mizere ya slag zimakhala ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Sikuti zimangowonongeka kwambiri ndi chitsulo chosungunuka ndi slag, komanso zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi makina akamawonjezeredwa zinyalala, komanso zimakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kuchokera ku arc. Chifukwa chake, zigawozi zimapangidwa ndi njerwa za MgO-C zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri.
Pa makoma am'mbali a ziwiya zamagetsi zokhala ndi makoma ozizira ndi madzi, chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo woziziritsira madzi, kutentha kumawonjezeka ndipo mikhalidwe yogwiritsira ntchito imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, njerwa za MgO-C zokhala ndi kukana bwino kwa slag, kukhazikika kwa kutentha komanso kutentha kwambiri ziyenera kusankhidwa. Kuchuluka kwa kaboni komwe kuli mkati mwake ndi 10% ~ 20%.
Zipangizo zopopera makoma am'mbali a uvuni zamagetsi zamphamvu kwambiri
Makoma am'mbali a zitofu zamagetsi zamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri (zitofu za UHP) amamangidwa kwambiri ndi njerwa za MgO-C, ndipo malo otentha ndi malo otsetsereka amamangidwa ndi njerwa za MgO-C zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri (monga njerwa za MgO-C za carbon matrix). Zimawonjezera kwambiri nthawi yake yogwirira ntchito.
Ngakhale kuti katundu wa khoma la ng'anjo wachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa njira zogwiritsira ntchito ng'anjo yamagetsi, zimakhala zovuta kuti zinthu zotsutsa ziwonjezere moyo wa malo otentha akamagwira ntchito pansi pa mikhalidwe yosungunulira ng'anjo ya UHP. Chifukwa chake, ukadaulo woziziritsa madzi wapangidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa ng'anjo yamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito EBT tapping, malo ozizira amadzi amafika 70%, motero amachepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsutsa. Ukadaulo wamakono woziziritsa madzi umafuna njerwa za MgO-C zokhala ndi kutentha kwabwino. Asphalt, njerwa za magnesia zolumikizidwa ndi resin ndi njerwa za MgO-C (zokhala ndi mpweya wa carbon 5%-25%) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumanga makoma am'mbali mwa ng'anjo yamagetsi. Pakakhala zovuta kwambiri, ma antioxidants amawonjezedwa.
Pa malo otentha kwambiri omwe amawonongeka kwambiri ndi redox reactions, njerwa za MgO-C zokhala ndi magnesite akuluakulu osakanikirana ngati zopangira, kuchuluka kwa kaboni kopitilira 20%, ndi full carbon matrix zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga.
Kupangidwa kwaposachedwa kwa njerwa za MgO-C za ng'anjo zamagetsi za UHP ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuwotcha kwambiri kenako kuviika ndi phula kuti apange njerwa za MgO-C zoviika ndi phula. Monga momwe taonera pa Gome 2, poyerekeza ndi njerwa zosaviika, kuchuluka kwa kaboni kotsala kwa njerwa za MgO-C zoviika pambuyo pa kuviika ndi kubwezeretsanso mpweya kumawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 1%, porosity imachepa ndi 1%, ndipo mphamvu yosinthasintha kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kupanikizika ndizovuta kwambiri. Mphamvu yakhala ikukwera kwambiri, kotero imakhala yolimba kwambiri.
Zipangizo zotsutsa magnesiamu zamakoma am'mbali mwa ng'anjo yamagetsi
Zipinda zamagetsi zophikira ng'anjo zimagawidwa m'magulu a alkaline ndi acidic. Choyamba chimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zophikira za alkaline (monga magnesia ndi MgO-CaO) ngati zipinda za ng'anjo, pomwe chachiwiri chimagwiritsa ntchito njerwa za silica, mchenga wa quartz, matope oyera, ndi zina zotero kuti chimange zipinda za ng'anjo.
Chidziwitso: Pa zipangizo zophimba ng'anjo, zitofu zamagetsi za alkaline zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsutsa alkaline, ndipo zitofu zamagetsi za acidic zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsutsa acidic.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-12-2023
